More Evidence Links BPA to Childhood Obesity

Feeding There’s fresh evidence that the chemical bisphenol A, or BPA, may play a part in childhood obesity.

BPA is a chemical that is widely used in food packaging. Government studies have shown that 92 percent of Americans have detectable levels of BPA in their bodies.

There’s intense scientific interest in BPA because it is chemically similar to the hormone estrogen, and there’s some concern that it may mimic estrogen’s effects in the body, causing harm to the brain and reproductive organs, particularly in children.

Last year, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration formally banned BPA from baby bottles and sippy cups, though manufacturers had already stopped using it. The agency declined to ban it from other food containers, pending further research.

In a new study published online June 12 in the journal PLoS One, researchers measured BPA levels in the urine of more than 1,300 children in China and compared those levels to their body weights.

The study authors also asked the kids about other things that may influence body weight, such as how often they ate junk food, fruits and vegetables, how much exercise they got, whether their parents were overweight and how long they played video games, on average, each day.

After taking all those factors into account, the investigators found that girls aged 9 to 12 who had higher-than-average levels of BPA in their urine were about twice as likely to be obese as those with lower-than-average levels. The researchers didn’t see the same association for boys or for older girls.

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Hospitals treat more ‘child obesity’

Photo by Ed YourdonThere has been a four-fold increase in the number of children and teenagers admitted to hospital for obesity-related conditions in the last decade, doctors in England and Wales warn.

In 2009, nearly 4,000 young people needed hospital treatment for problems complicated by being overweight compared with just 872 in 2000.

Rates of obesity surgery also went up, especially for teenage girls.

Doctors say the UK has the highest rate of child obesity in Western Europe.

Obesity has been linked with serious illnesses during childhood and an increased risk of developing conditions, such as type-2 diabetes, asthma and breathing difficulties during sleep.

National surveys in England suggest about three in 10 two-to-15-year-olds are overweight, while 14-20% are obese.

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A team led by Dr Sonia Saxena, of Imperial College London, analysed statistics on all NHS admissions for obesity – as a primary cause or alongside conditions that had been complicated by obesity – in hospitals in England and Wales over a 10-year period in patients aged five to 19.

Admissions were more common in girls than boys, the team reported in the journal Public Library of Science ONE.

Meanwhile, the number of cases of surgery for obesity rose from just one in 2000 to 31 in 2009, with the majority in teenage girls.

Over the whole 10-year period, a total of 20,885 young people were treated in hospital for obesity-related conditions.

Nearly three-quarters of cases involved problems complicated by being overweight, such as asthma, sleep apnoea, and pregnancy complications.

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Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity Reduce Alzheimer’s Risk

Senior PowerPrevious studies have shown that a Mediterranean diet and higher physical activity are each associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

However, the combined association of Mediterranean diet and more physical activity on Alzheimer’s risk is not well-studied. Researchers report that both eating well and participating in physical activity may independently confer Alzheimer’s disease-related health benefits.

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DINING FOR THE DIABETIC: Watch out for those carbs!

photo by moria

The Modern Western breakfast which typically consists of cereals, breads, toasts, pancakes, waffles and all amount of grain-based, carbohydrate-loaded foods is by many people labeled as healthy simply because  it is relatively fat free being served up with just a dash of low fat milk and margarine instead of butter. Therefore according to them – it must be good for you.

But you might have noticed over the last few decades that the popularity of these types of breakfast has reached the point where now it’s almost THE universal breakfast fair.

But really in many ways the increase in this type of food is just an indication of the huge increase in consumption of carbohydrates that we in the West have slowly been accepting as the norm. At the same time the incidences of diabetes and related conditions have also gone up. In fact if you put the graph of the consumption of carbohydrates next to the graph of the incidence of these types of diseases, there’s an uncanny relationship.

The curious thing about eating carbohydrates is that even though you might eat large quantities of them, very quickly afterwards you become hungry, and there’s actually a physical reason for that. The consumption of carbohydrates results in the release of insulin. This has the effect of removing nutrients from the bloodstream simply because the body is expecting more to arrive.

The net result is that instead of feeling satiated very soon after eating a carb-loaded meal, breakfast being a typical example, we feel like we’re hungry again and of course by being hungry so soon after just eating, the tendency is to eat more even though in reality the body doesn’t actually need more. So you can see a vicious circle occurring and the only result that can happen from that is a slow but sure increase in body weight.

From more of my years’ experience in helping people work out a natural way of eating for themselves, I’ve seen that the excessive consumption of carbohydrates by many people would, if they were any other substance, be called an addiction. The reason for that is that when we eat carbohydrates the body releases serotonin and serotonin is the chemical in our brain that improves our mood and has a relaxing effect. It has a tendency to decrease stress and anxiety and to a certain extent will also alleviate pain. But the level of serotonin in our diet is also determined by the other things that we eat and if those other things are forced out by an increase in consumption of carbohydrates then it follows that our levels of serotonin maybe less than usual. The body’s only recourse is to encourage us to start eating the things that give it the quickest fix of serotonin which turn out to be carbohydrates, just as a vain attempt to feel better and again you can see that this can only lead to one thing – increased weight gain.

So what’s going on here, how is the body doing this? Well, quite simply, after eating carbohydrates, our pancreas keeps in and starts producing insulin and that’s responsible for regulating the blood sugar levels to the process of breaking down carbohydrates into sugar. Typically, these would then enter the cells of the muscles and the liver and are used for energy by the body. But insulin also is used by the body to regulate our fat storage.

Now if we’ve had a meal high in carbohydrates, it’s obvious that the body is not going to immediately use the sugars that have been broken down through the action of the high levels of insulin that eating those huge amounts of carbohydrates have produced. Now what’s going to happen is the increased levels of insulin combined with the increased levels of sugar in our blood will mean that the body will store the excess as fat.

Putting in simpler terms, higher consumption of carbohydrates than the body needs promotes the release of higher levels of insulin which then promotes a higher level of fat storage and I’m sure you can see that the reverse is going to be true, lower levels of carbohydrate consumption will result in lower levels of insulin production which will result in minimal, if any, storage of fat.

Now the exact cause of diabetes is unknown but many studies attributes diabetes to excess weight and lack of activity and current research indicates that nearly 8% of the population in developing countries will be diabetic within probably less than 15 years. Now the thing is, people suffering from Type II Diabetes in particular have been shown to have, in general, high blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance. This is where insulin becomes less effective at lowering our blood sugar levels. So it follows then that if your body is less effective at lowering blood sugar levels, it makes sense not to raise them in the first place through eating carbohydrate-loaded meals.

So what should you then if you’re diabetic? Well, simply put, if the diet that you’re following now isn’t working for you, perhaps it may be a wise decision to change it to something that will work for you. Many diabetics have found that a low carb way of eating has not only brought their diabetes under control (meaning they no longer need tablets or shots), it has actually made it go away entirely. That really is food for thought.

How to Pinpoint Food Allergies

Pinpoint Food Allergies

Food allergies can literally be a pain in the backside for some people. For other people, there are pain elsewhere but you know if you think you might have a food allergy, there are many things that you can do to help pinpoint it. But also bear in mind it may not be the food that you’re allergic to, it might be the preservatives or some other artificial ingredients used within the food that you’re actually allergic to.

So one of the first things you need to do is cut out all processed food. After that….. Well the rest of this article goes into the steps that you can take in order to pinpoint just which foods are causing you problems.

Steps

Keep a Food Diary

  1. If you’re unsure which particular foods seem to cause problems for you, keep a food diary for two or more weeks. Having a record of foods and symptoms can help you associate particular foods or ingredients with particular reactions. Once you have an idea of a few foods that may be causing discomfort, you can try elimination diets or formal allergy testing at a health care provider’s office.
  2. Write down everything you eat and drink. It is essential to have a complete record of everything you consume during the weeks of your food diary.
    • Continue to eat your regular diet, but carry a small notepad with you everywhere to record snacks, vending machine purchases, and other drinks or bites to eat you may have throughout the day.
    • Include all ingredients. For example, if you eat an oatmeal cookie, write down all ingredients or save the ingredient list if the cookie is store-bought. This will help you pinpoint potential allergens, as you should be able to distinguish between an oat and an egg allergy by knowing exactly what everything you eat contains and performing an elimination and reintroduction later.
  3. Carefully record the timing, type, and severity of reactions. In some cases, food intolerance can be confused with actual allergic reactions, and temporal reactions may point to the wrong offender foods.
    • Write down the details of symptoms such as itchiness, swelling, hives, stomach discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, cramps, fever, and any other reactions of the skin or gastrointestinal tract. This will help identify the type of sensitivity you have and the management techniques that will be most appropriate for your food intolerance or allergy.
  4. Discuss your findings with a dietitian or health care provider. Once you have a detailed food diary, you can discuss potential offending foods with a nutrition specialist or allergist to identify particular foods to avoid or strategies to reduce reactions.

Perform an Elimination Diet or Challenge Test

  1. Once you have collected thorough information about your diet and symptoms and have discussed it with a medical or nutritional professional, consider performing an elimination diet or challenge test to pinpoint particular food allergies. If you experience anaphylaxis from any foods at all, do not attempt to perform an elimination diet or oral challenge without the supervision of a physician. If your reactions are typically mild or nondescript, however, an elimination diet or oral challenge can help narrow the list of possibilities.
  2. Select a list of foods to eliminate. After carefully reviewing your food journal for foods that appear to be related with symptoms, make a list of foods to eliminate entirely from your diet, albeit temporarily.
    • Unless you suspect an allergy to a very pervasive ingredient, such as gluten or lactose, avoid dramatically restricting your daily diet by selecting no more than five individual foods to eliminate at a time.
  3. Begin the elimination diet by strictly avoiding the selected foods entirely for 1 to 4 weeks. Continue recording your diet and symptoms during this time. If symptoms have subsided or disappeared, add one food each week back into your diet and continue to track reactions.
    • If the re-introduced food causes no reaction for the entire week, cross it off your list of potential allergens and introduce the next food the following week. Continue this way until you have identified the particular food or foods that cause reactions, avoiding them and discontinuing the challenge for the week if your symptoms return.
    • Be thorough when eliminating foods. For instance, if you suspect that honey is the allergen, check labels for cookies, sauces, cereals, flavored nuts, bottled teas. If you eat a lot of pre-packaged or prepared items, always check ingredient labels to see whether foods you might not suspect could possibly contain the potential allergen.
  4. Keep track of all foods that cause reactions upon reintroduction. Make a list of the food that caused symptoms and keep the food out of your daily diet until you can discuss the reactions with a health professional or get tested for the specific allergen.
    • If you experienced a reaction from a food with more than one ingredient, write down all ingredients in the food item, including additives, preservatives, dyes, and nutritional supplements. Although applesauce, mustard, or soda may seem to be the allergen, the offender could really be a spice, food coloring, or sugar substitute.
  5. Repeat the process if necessary until reactions disappear. If you continue to experience symptoms, albeit reduced in severity or frequency, it is possible you identified the majority of allergens in your diet or that you missed hidden allergens that are present in processed foods.
    • If you need help tweaking your elimination diet, consult a dietician or allergist for advice. In some cases, he or she may be able to examine your list of suspect foods and your food diary to identify potential areas for experimentation.
    • For example, a nutritionist may be able to look at your notes and identify offending food groups or types (such as seeded fruits or emulsifiers in sauces), cross-contamination (often with nuts or grains), or incomplete elimination (due to hidden sources of the offending ingredient or multiple published names of ingredients on food labels).
  6. Perform an oral challenge test. If you experience swelling, hives, or any symptom of anaphylaxis upon eating certain foods, do not perform an oral challenge test without the direct supervision of a physician or allergy specialist.
    • An oral challenge test involves consuming small but increasing portions of a single potential allergen, allowing time in between increasing doses to detect reactions. If no reaction is experienced, an increased amount is consumed.
    • Only one specific food is tested at a time in oral challenge tests to avoid confusion with other potential allergens. Do not perform more than one oral challenge test per week unless under the supervision of a health professional.

Get Tested for Food Allergies

  1. Seek a test if you’re still unsure and for the sake of certainty. In many cases, it can be difficult to pinpoint food allergies. If you have already performed a food diary exercise and an elimination diet or oral challenge, a health professional should be able to specify potential allergens through skin prick tests or blood tests. In cases of mild or variable reactions to foods, multiple types of food allergy discovery methods are necessary to confirm a particular allergy. Examining the combination of information gained from food diaries, elimination and oral challenge attempts, and skin or blood allergy tests usually helps identify specific food allergies.
  2. Request a skin prick test. In most cases, skin prick tests can be performed quickly and safely in the office of your primary care provider or in that of an allergy specialist.
    • Skin prick tests involve drawing a grid on your skin and inserting tiny amounts of potential offenders under the surface of the skin. Any square on the grid that shows a reaction may indicate a specific food allergy or sensitivity.
  3. Request a blood allergy test. Blood tests for allergies are able to screen for many more food allergies than skin prick tests, and can sometimes provide information that better represents true allergies (skin prick tests may only indicate a skin allergy to contact with the food).
    • A blood allergy test involves a small blood draw that will be sent to a laboratory for testing. It can take several weeks to get results, which often includes a print-out of all tested foods and the particular results for each food.

Video

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Tips

  • If you’re managing a food diary for your child, request the assistance of his or her school teachers to ensure that your child is not consuming food of which you are not aware.
  • A simple blood test can determine many common food allergies. Ask your doctor for an IgG allergens test.

Warnings

  • Some foods can cause severe allergic reactions that require injections of epinephrine. If you or your child has previously suffered an anaphylactic reaction, do not attempt to pinpoint food allergies independently.
  • Take care not to turn this into a hypochondriac’s hunt. In some cases there is a risk of self-diagnosis occurring simply from wishful thinking, from seeking to be set apart from others because of a special food intolerance. If there is any doubt, get the advice of a doctor who specializes in food allergies rather than making assumptions that you’re allergic.

Article provided by wikiHow, a wiki how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Pinpoint Food Allergies. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.